Islam mein zinda logon par Qurbani wajib ya sunnat-e-muakkadah hoti hai, lekin aksar log apne mare hue waldein, aziz-o-aqarib, ya aam musalmanon ke liye bhi Qurbani karne ki khwahish rakhte hain. Sharai nuqta-e-nazar se, mare hue logon ki taraf se Qurbani karna jayaz aur sawab ka ba’is hai. Yeh Eesaal-e-Sawab (sawab pahunchane) ki aik behtareen shakl hai, jis se marhoom ko ajar milta hai aur Qurbani karne wale ko bhi Allah Pak ki khushnoodi hasil hoti hai.
Mare Hue Logon Ki Taraf Se Qurbani Ka Sharai Hukm
Mare hue logon ki taraf se Qurbani ke masle mein ulama-e-ikram ke darmiyan chand mukhtalif raay payi jati hain:
- Mustahab Aur Jayaz (Aksar Fuqaha Ka Mauqaf):Aksar fuqaha aur ulama (Hanafi, Shafi’i, Hanbali ke nazdeeq) is baat par muttafiq hain ke mare hue logon ki taraf se Qurbani karna jayaz, mustahab (pasandida) aur sawab ka ba’is hai. Iski bunyad is Hadith Pak par hai jahan Prophet Muhammad ﷺ ne apni ummat ke un afraad ki taraf se Qurbani ki thi jo Qurbani na kar sake the, aur is mein un wafat pa jane walon ki niyyat bhi shamil thi.
Hazrat Aisha رضی اللہ عنہا se riwayat hai ke Prophet Muhammad ﷺ ne do dumbe Qurban kiye. Aik apni taraf se aur apni aal ki taraf se, aur doosra un logon ki taraf se jo unki ummat mein se Qurbani na kar sake the. (Abu Dawood)
Is Hadith se isbaat hota hai ke Prophet Muhammad ﷺ ne aise logon ki taraf se Qurbani ki jo Qurbani ada nahi kar sake the, chahe woh zinda hon ya wafat pa chuke hon. Is Qurbani ka sawab marhoom ko pahunchta hai.
- Wasiyat Ki Soorat Mein Wajib:Agar kisi shakhs ne apni wafaat se pehle Qurbani ki wasiyat ki ho, to uske maal ke teesre hisse se uski taraf se Qurbani karna wajib ho jata hai.
Kyun Karen Mare Hue Logon Ki Taraf Se Qurbani?
Mare hue logon ki taraf se Qurbani karne ke chand fawaid aur maqasid hain:
- Eesaal-e-Sawab: Yeh marhoom ke liye sawab-e-jariyah ban jata hai aur unke darjaat ki bulandi ka zariya banta hai.
- Dua Aur Maghfirat: Is amal ke zariye aap apne aziz-o-aqarib ke liye maghfirat aur rehmat ki dua karte hain.
- Sunnat Ki Pairwi: Agarche direct hukm nahi, lekin Prophet Muhammad ﷺ ke amal se iski jawaziyat sabit hoti hai.
- Sadaqa-e-Jariyah: Qurbani ka gosht jab ghareebon mein taqseem hota hai, to yeh bhi aik tarah ka sadaqa hai, jiska sawab marhoom ko pahunchta hai.
Mare Hue Shakhs Ke Maal Se Ya Zinda Shakhs Ke Maal Se?
Mare hue shakhs ki taraf se Qurbani do tareeqon se ho sakti hai:
- Marhoom Ki Wasiyat Ke Mutabiq: Agar marhoom ne Qurbani ki wasiyat ki ho, to unke tarkay (maal) ke teesre hisse se Qurbani ada ki jayegi. Is soorat mein Qurbani ka sara gosht ghareebon aur fuqara mein taqseem karna wajib hai, Qurbani karne wala ya ameer shakhs usay nahi kha sakta.
- Zinda Shakhs Apni Taraf Se Kare: Agar marhoom ne koi wasiyat na ki ho, to koi zinda shakhs (beta, beti, rishtedar) apni Qurbani ke sath ya alag se apne maal se marhoom ke liye Qurbani kar sakta hai. Is soorat mein Qurbani ka gosht zinda shakhs ki Qurbani ke gosht ki tarah taqseem kiya jayega (yaani 3 hisson mein, khud bhi kha sakte hain).
Aham Maloomat
- Aik janwar (bakra, dumbha, bher) aik hi shakhs (zinda ya marhoom) ki taraf se Qurban kiya ja sakta hai.
- Bade janwar (gaaye, oont) mein saat hisse tak ho sakte hain, jin mein se chand hisse zinda logon ke aur chand hisse marhoom logon ke liye bhi ho sakte hain.
- Niyyat karna zaroori hai ke yeh Qurbani kis ki taraf se ki ja rahi hai.
Qurbani ki aam ahmiyat aur fazilat janne ke liye, hamara article “Qurbani Ki Ahmiyat Aur Fazilat” parhen.
Qurbani ke gosht ki taqseem ke sharai tareeqay ke bare mein maloomat ke liye, hamara article “Qurbani Ka Gosht Kaise Taqseem Karen? (3 Hisson Ka Masla)” parhen.
Khulasa
Mare hue logon ki taraf se Qurbani karna shariat mein jayaz aur sawab-e-azeem ka ba’is hai. Yeh marhoom ke liye behtareen tohfa hai aur is se Eesaal-e-Sawab hota hai. Agar koi wasiyat ho to uske mutabiq ada ki jaye, warna zinda shakhs apne maal se Qurbani kar ke iska sawab marhoom ko bakhsh sakta hai. Is amal ko khuloos-e-niyyat se ada karen taa keh Allah Pak ki raza aur qubooliyat hasil ho.