Qurbani ke liye teen qism ke janwar jayaz hain: Oont, Gaaye (jis mein Bhains bhi shamil hai) aur Bakra (jis mein Dumbha aur Bher bhi shamil hain). In janwaron ka zibah karna Quran aur Hadith Pak ki roshni mein sabit hai. Har qism ke janwar ke liye khaas sharait aur umar ki had mukarrar hai, jin mein sab se ahem yeh hai ke janwar bilkul tandurust aur har qism ke bade aib se paak ho taa keh Qurbani sahi ho sake.
Qurbani Ke Liye Kaun Se Janwar Jayaz Hain?
Shariat Islami ne Qurbani ke liye khaas janwar muqarrar kiye hain, jinhe “Bahimatul An’aam” kaha jata hai. In mein shamil hain:
- Oont (Camel)
- Gaaye (Cow) aur Bhains (Buffalo)
- Bakra (Goat), Dumbha (Fat-tailed Sheep), aur Bher (Sheep)
In janwaron ke ilawa kisi aur janwar ki Qurbani jayaz nahi hai.
Qurbani Ke Janwar Ki Umar Kya Honi Chahiye?
Har qism ke janwar ke liye aik khas sharai umar ka hona zaroori hai. Agar janwar us umar tak na pahuncha ho, to uski Qurbani jayaz nahi hoti (chand khaas halaat ke siwa):
- Oont: Kam az kam 5 saal ka ho.
- Gaaye aur Bhains: Kam az kam 2 saal ki ho.
- Bakra, Dumbha, aur Bher: Kam az kam 1 saal ka ho.
Note: Agar dumbha ya bher itna farba (mota-taza) ho ke 6 mahine ka hone ke bawajood 1 saal ka lage, to uski Qurbani bhi jayaz hai. Bakre ke liye yeh ri’ayat nahi hai.
Qurbani Ke Janwar Mein Kya Aib Nahin Hone Chahiye?
Qurbani ke janwar ka har tarah ke bade aib se paak hona nihayat zaroori hai, kyunke aik aibdar janwar ki Qurbani maqbool nahi hoti. Woh aib jin ki wajah se Qurbani jayaz nahi hoti, darj zel hain:
- Andha Ya Kana Hona: Woh janwar jis ki aik ya dono aankhein bilkul bekar ho chuki hon, Qurbani ke liye jayaz nahi.
- Langra Hona: Woh janwar jo aik paon se itna langra ho ke zibah gaah tak khud chal kar na ja sake.
- Behad Kamzor Ya Dubla Hona: Woh janwar jo itna dubla aur kamzor ho ke uski haddiyon mein maghz na ho.
- Kaan Kata Hona: Agar janwar ka aik ya dono kaan aadhe se zyada kate hue hon. Thora sa kata hona maaf hai.
- Seengh Toota Hona: Agar janwar ka seengh jarr (root) se toota ho aur uski wajah se dimagh mutasir ho gaya ho. Thora sa toota hona ya bilkul seengh na hona (khilqi taur par) Qurbani ko mana nahi karta.
- Dant Na Hona: Agar janwar ke aksar dant gir chuke hon (yaani aadhe se zyada).
- Beemari: Woh janwar jo itna beemar ho ke uski beemari uske gosht ya tandurusti par shadeed asar andaaz ho.
- Nak Kata Hona: Agar janwar ka nak aadhe se zyada kata hua ho.
Agar janwar mein in aibon mein se koi aik bhi aib paya jaye, to uski Qurbani jayaz nahi hogi. Hamesha koshish karen ke sab se achha aur tandurust janwar Qurbani ke liye muntakhab karen.
Hissedari (Partnership) Mein Qurbani Ke Ahkam
Bakra, Dumbha, aur Bher mein sirf aik hi shakhs ki Qurbani ho sakti hai. Jabke Oont, Gaaye, aur Bhains mein **aik se le kar saat afraad tak** shareek ho sakte hain.
Hissedari mein Qurbani ke liye chand aham sharait hain:
- Niyyat Ka Ikhtilaf Na Ho: Tamam shareek hone walon ki niyyat Qurbani hi ki honi chahiye. Agar kisi aik shareek ki niyyat sirf gosht hasil karna ho (aur Qurbani ki niyyat na ho), to tamam shareekon ki Qurbani faasid (kharab) ho jayegi.
- Maal Halal Ho: Sabhi shareekon ka maal halal kamai ka ho.
- Hisse Barabar Hon: Aksar fuqaha ke nazdeeq (khaas kar Hanafi fiqh mein) behtar hai ke sab ke hisse barabar hon, lekin agar aik ka hissa kam ya zyada ho to bhi jayaz hai, bas hisse taqseem hone se pehle wazeh hon.
Hissedari aur uske mukammal ahkam janne ke liye, hamara tafseeli article “Gaaye Ya Oont Mein Kitne Hisse Hote Hain?” parhen.
Khulasa
Qurbani ke liye janwar ka intikhab shariat ke ahkam ke mutabiq hona zaroori hai. Oont, Gaaye, aur Bakra hi jayaz hain, aur har aik ke liye mukarrar umar ka hona lazim hai. Is ke ilawa, janwar ka har bade aib se paak hona bhi nihayat ahem hai taa keh aapki Qurbani Allah Pak ki bargah mein maqbool ho. Hamesha khush dili aur ihsan ke sath Qurbani ka farz ada karen.